Oxidative Stress, Ageing and Methods of Seed Invigoration: An Overview and Perspectives

The maintenance of seed quality during the long-term conservation plant genetic resources is crucial for averting projected food crises that are linked to changing climate and rising world population. However, ageing-induced loss vigour viability storage remains an inevitable process compromises productivity in several orthodox-seeded crop species. Seed ageing under prolonged storage, which can occur even optimal conditions, induces modifications capable causing intrinsic physiological traits, including germination capacity vigour, stand establishment. problems posed by have motivated development various techniques mitigating their detrimental effects. These invigoration generally fall within one two categories: (1) priming or pre-hydrating seeds a solution improved post-harvest performance, (2) post-storage reinvigoration often involves soaking recovered from solution. methods divided into classical (hydropriming, osmopriming, redox priming, biostimulant etc.) advanced (nanopriming, magnetopriming using other physical agents) techniques. With increasing popularity achieve much-desired enhanced resilience face climate, there urgent need explore these effectively (in addition important practices such as breeding, fertilizer application, control pests diseases). This review aims provide overview orthodox enhance desirable agronomic characters.